Device for regulating heating apparatus.



No. 817,783. PATBNTED APR. 17, 1906. W. H. KIRNAN. DEVICE FOR REGULATINGHEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.11, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I V ntor Witnesses I x WA Attorneys.

PATENTED APR. 17, 1906.

W. H. KIRNAN.

DEVICE FOR REGULATING HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED .TAN.11, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

llventor Vitnesses Attorneys.

PATENTED APR. 17, 1906.

W. H. KIRNAN.

. DEVICE FOR REGULATING HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.11, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Witnesses A tlorneys.

PATENTED APR. 17, 1906.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.11, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET tor Witnesses Attorneys.

UNTTED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

DEVICE FOR REGULATING HEATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

lzatentecl April 17, 1906.

Application filed January 11,1904. Serial No. 188,632.

To aZZ whom [it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VILLIAM H. KIRNAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bayonne, Hudson county, State of New Jersey, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Devices for Regulating HeatingApparatus, of which the following is a description.

The present invention relates to devices controlled by a thermostat forregulating the temperature in rooms or buildings.

The objects of the invention are to produce a positively-operatedmechanical apparatus for opening or closing the draft door or damper orotherwise regulating the heater, such apparatus being controlled by athermostat, which is preferably an electric thermostat.

Another object is to make such a device of a very simple nature andpossessing few parts, all of those being exposed and readily accessible.

Another object is to produce an apparatus which will possess sufiicientpower to positively actuate the controlling means on the heater andwhich will run for some time with one winding.

Another object is to provide means for open-circuiting the battery aftereach operation, so that the battery will not waste.

Another object is to provide means for removing gas or smoke from thecellar when the damper or draft-door is closed.

The invention comprises a mechanical device which may be arranged withinthe furnace-room or otherwise adjacent to the heating apparatus providedwith mechanical connections for opening or closing the damper ordraftdoor of the hotair furnace, hotwater heater, or boilerfurnace. Themechanical device is provided with a suspended weight or spring by meansof which its movable element will be revolved or otherwise moved. Thismovable element is in the preferred form a wheel with pins arrangedabout its periphery, such pins being alternately short and long. Apivoted lever so arranged that one end will swing within the path ofmovement of the pins is connected at the other to the cord, chain, orlever which actuates the draft device of the furnace. A lock, which ispreferably in the form of a bellcrank lever having an arm arranged toswing Within the path of movement of all of the pins and engaging withone of them, ordinarily pre vents the wheel from turning. Upon theVertical.

lock being swung to one side the Wheel will be I lock is arranged toengage with the pins, both long and short, and actuated by a latch ortrigger, which is tripped by an armature con trolled by a magnet. Asetting device is provided for returning the latch and lock to theirnormal position after the wheel has moved to present another pin inposition for action on the draft-operating lever. The magnet is in anelectric circuit, which includes a battery and a thermostat, andconnections are arranged so that the magnet will be excited every timethe thermostat reaches either extreme pointthat is to say, if thethermostat is set for any given temperature the circuit will becompleted when the moving member of the thermostat engages with eitherthe high or low temperature contacts. Within the circuit is an electricswitch, by means of which the circuit will be broken every time themechanism is actuated, and it will not be again completed until versemovement of the thermostat. In addition to the damper and draftregulator a door is provided in the smoke-pipe of the furnace andconnected with the oscillating lever and so arranged that when thedraft-door is closed this door will be opened, thereby permitting thesmoke and gases within the cellar or furnace-room to pass up thesmoke-pipe.

In order to better understand the nature of the invention, attention isdirected to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents adiagrammatical view of the entire apparatus as applied to a hotwaterheating system. Fig. 2 is a front View of the mechanical device showinin its locked position and the oscillating lever Fig. 3 is a similarview of the mechanical device showing the wheel in the act of beingrotated and the latch and lock free, the oscillating 4 is an end View ofthe mechanical device in the position shown in Fig. 2.

In all of the views like parts are designated by the same letters andfigures of reference.

the wheel byare- ICC lever being inclined and Fig.

IIO

Referring to Fig. 1, the heater a is shown pipe 9. This with adraft-regulating door 7) arranged at the bottom thereof. This heater maybe of any form, and it is to be understood that the invention may beapplied to control any portion of the furnace, hot-water heater, orboiler furnace by means of which the heat thereof is regulated. Inaddition to the door I) a damper might be applied and so connected as tomove in unison therewith. The connection with such a damper forms nopart of the present invention, it being understood that the inventionrelates to means provided to regulate the heat of the heating apparatus,irrespective of the portion. thereof which is actuated.

The door I) is connected, through a wire or chain c, to the oscillatinglever d, which forms a portion of the mechanical device indicatedgenerally by the reference character 6. This mechanical device is soarranged that it will move the lever d from. the vertical position shownto the position shown in dotted lines, or vice versa, whereby the doorI) will be opened or closed. In the mechanism illustrated the door I) isheavier than the door f, so that the former will always have a tendencyto close. In connection with the door I) is a doorf within an opening inthe smokedoor is connected, through a chain or wire it, to the lever dand is so arranged that it will be closed as the door I) is opened, orvice versa, so that when the door I) is closed the door f will be openedand foul air or gas from the furnace-room or cellar will be drawn upthrough. the smoke-pipe g. Suitable guide-pulleys are provided for thewires 0 and h, as the occasion requires. The mechanical device 6 isactuated by a thermostat 'i, located within a room of the house to beheated. This thermostat makes contact with the adjustable points and kin the manner well known. As illustarted, the thermostat is of aconventional form but it is understood that any variety of thermostatmay be used. The moving element of the mechanical device is operated bya weight Z.

In order to understand the details of construction of the mechanicaldevice, reference is to be had to the other three figures of thedrawings. The moving elements are attached to a plate 1. which ispreferably of castiron, with integral lugs or pillars for the attachmentof the different moving elements of the structure. This plate 1 isprovided with holes 2 at the proper points, by means of which it may beattached to the ceiling of the cellar or to any point sufficientlyelevated above the floor to allow a sufficient drop of the weight. Z.Upon the plate 1 is a shaft 3, which passes through a bearing 4 in theplate, and also a second bearing 5, which is made in the plate 6,supported by pillars 7 which may be cast integral with the plate. Thisshaft 3 is provided with a grooved pulley 8, around which is wound thecord 9, to which the weight Z is attached. The pulley 8 is provided.with a pawl 10, which engages with the teeth. of ratchet 11, keyed tothe shaft 3. A handle 12 allows the wheel 13 to be rotated and theweight elevated, the pawl and ratchet permitting the pulley to turn uponthe shaft 3 without rotating it. To the other extremity of the shaft 3is secured a wheel 13, preferably of cast-iron, having a number of pinsupon or near its periphery, as shown. These pins are preferably castintegral with the wheel 13 for the purpose of producing a cheap device;but this is not necessary, as the wheel may be made of other than castmetal and the pins may be separately made and attached. As shown in thedrawings,

there are ten of these pins, half of them (designated by thereference-numbers 14) being longer than the other half, (designated bythe numbers 15.) (See Fig. 1.) Any number of pins may be used; but it isquite essential for the proper operation of the apparatus that they beeven in number.

The lever d is pivoted at 16 to a lug 17 and stands out su'flicientlyfar from the plate 1 so that its lower end will clear the short pins 15,but will be engaged by the long pins 14.

As seen in Figs. 2 and 3, a partial rotation of the wheel 13 in thedirection of the arrow will cause an oscillation of the lever 61, itslower end successively engaging with the long pins 14, which hold it inthe vertical position (shown in Fig. 2) or inclined, as in Fig. 3. Afurther rotary movement of the wheel will cause the pin to slip beyondthe edge of the lever and allow it to swing past to the following shortpin and be engaged by the succeeding long pin.

The wheel 13 rotates in a clockwise direc tion, as shown by the arrow inFig. 2, and means is provided to allow it to intermittently rotateone-tenth of a revolution at a time, so that the lever (1 will beoscillated and the draft apparatus alternately opened and closed. Thisintermittent movement of the wheel 13 is secured by a lock whichintermittently engages with both long and short pins and is actuated bya mechanism controlled by the thermostat i.

The lock and. controlling mechanism is as follows: The wheel 13, alwaystending to turn in a clockwise direction, is prevented from doing soexcept at the desired intervals by means of a lock which consists of abell crank lever 18, having an elevated arm 19 and a depending arm 20.This lever is pivoted to the bearing 21, secured to the plate 1 in sucha manner that when it is in the position shown in Fig. 2 the elevatedarm 19 will engage with one of the pins 14 or 15, the lever 18 beingsufficiently close to the plate 1 to prevent the lever not being engagedby the short pins. When the lever 18 is oscillated about its pivot tothe position shown in Fig. 3, the lever 19 will be out of the path ofmovement of the pins and will permit the wheel to turn. Fixed stops 22and 23 on the plate 1 limit the movement of the lever 18. The lever 18is tripped from engagement with the pins of the wheel by means of alatch 24, which consists of a bell-crank lever having an approximatelyhorizontal arm 26 and a vertical arm 25. This lever is preferablypivoted upon the same pin 21 which supports the lever 18, but is outsidethereof. The lever 26 is held in the position shown in Fig. 2 by meansof the armature 27, which is pivoted at 28 to a bracket 29, secured tothe plate 1, and is actuated by the magnets 30. A spring 31, with anadjusting-screw 32 for varying the tension thereof, is provided forseparating the armature from the magnets when the latter are denergized.At the lower extremity of the lever 25 is a pin 33, so arranged as toengage with the lever 20 after the lever 26 has dropped some distancebelow the horizontal. A spring 34 is used to move the pin 33 intoengagement with the lever 20 and by such movement release the look fromengagement with a pin 14 or 15 on the wheel 13. The spring 34 does notconnect directly with the lever 26, but by the intermediary of a link35,which is pivoted at 36 to the lever 26. This link is provided withupturned ends 37 38 to permit it clearing the hub of the lever 24.

As shown in Fig. 2, when the lever 26 is elevated and rests upon theupper edge of the armature 27 a line drawn through the central point ofpivot 21 of the lever 26 to the pivot 36 will extend but slightly abovethe fixed point 39 of the spring 34. As so arranged the spring 34 willhave slight tendency to depress the lever 26, but will largely tend todraw the lever 24 against its bearing. The lever 26 will therefore restlightly upon the upper edge of the armature and will not be pressedthereagainst, so that a comparatively small amount of force will berequired to dislodge the armature from its position under the lever. Thelever will drop largely by the action of gravity before the springbegins to exert any force. The farther the lever falls the more thetension of the spring will tend to force it downward. At the point whenthe latch assumes a position almost the same as that shown in Fig. 3 thespring 34 will be exerting a decided pull upon the lever 26 suiiicientlyto partially rotate the lever 18 and release the lock from engagementwith the pin on the wheel. By this construction a comparatively weakbattery and magnets may be employed, the danger of the armature stickingto the latch will be overcome, and at the same time sufficient powerwill be provided for releasing the look even with the tension of theweight Z tending to revolve the wheel 13 and resisting such releasing ofthe lock. The effect of the'spring 34 will be increased, as will beunderstood, by the blow ing remembered that the which will be given bythe pin 33 to the lever 20. Instead of placing the stop 39 and pivots 21and 36 nearly on a line the stop 39 may be lowered, so that the springwill have greater tendency to depress the lever 26 when resting upon thearmature. An extension 40 on the latch is caused to pass into the pathof the pins 14 and 15, so as to be engaged by the latter (short, as wellas long) to set the latch. A pin 41- on thelever 19 of the lock may beengaged by the latch when the latter is being set to return the lever toposition to engage with the next pin.

The operation of so much of the mechanical device will be readilyunderstood, it bethermostat is so constructed that the magnets 30 willbe energized when the temperature falls below a definite point and risesabove a definite point.

The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 2, upon the magnets beingenergized the armature will be attracted against the tension of thespring 31. This will free the lever 26, and it will drop with increasingvelocity until the pin 33, striking the lever 20, will release the lock18 from engagement with the pin on the wheel 13, and the latter willbegin to revolve. .As soon as the wheel makes a partial revolution theelectric circuit will be broken by means about to be described. Thearmature 27 will thereby be retracted by the spring 31. The latch 24will be retracted by the engagement of one of the pins 14 15 with theextension 40, formed upon the latch 24; As soon as the lever 26 iselevated it will carry with it the lock 18 by the engagement of the pin41 carried thereon with the latch 24. The lock 18 will engage with thenext pin and prevent further revolution of the wheel 13. This partialrevolution of the wheel 13 will oscillate the lever d to the positionshown in Fig. 3, changing the relation of the controlling devices forthe heater. It is to be understood that the lock successively engageswith all of the pins, both long and short, while thelever engages onlywith the long pins. The electric circuits are shown in Fig. 1 in whichthe contact of the'thermostat is connected to the binding-post 42 by awire m and the contact 7c is connected tothe binding-post 43 by awiren.Acommonreturn for the two, which is connected to the moving portion ofthe thermostat i, connects to the binding-post 44 by means of the wire0. Within the circuit formed by the wire 0 is the battery 1). Thebinding-posts 42 and 43 are connected to the circuit-breaker g, about tobe described, while the binding-post 44 is connected to the samecircuit-breaker through the magnet 30.

As shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the circuitbreaker 9 consists of threeelastic contacts 45, 46, and 47, supported by an insulatingblock 48,secured to a pulley 49, whereby they will be insulated from each otherand from the base 1. The center contact 45 is connected with thebinding-post 44 through the magnet 30. The contact 46 is connected tothe binding-post 42 and the contact 47 to the binding-post 43. Thecenter contact 45 carries a small pin 50 of electrically-conductivemetal. The contacts 46 and 47 are separated a sufficient distance topermit the contact 45 to be moved to engage alternately with either ofthe two contacts 46 and 47 but the elasticity of the center contact 45tends to make electrical contact with the contact 47. It is moved intoengagement with the contact 46 against its elasticity. The contact 45being moved into engagement with either of the contacts 46 or 47 by itsown elasticity or by other means will make a good electrical connectiontherewith. The contact 45 is provided with an extension 51, preferablymade integral therewith, having an inclined portion or cam 52. As shownin the drawings, the extension 51 and inclined portion 52 are arrangedto be within the path of movement of the pins; but, as shown in Fig. 4,it is removed a suflicient distance from the plate 1 by the proportionsof the pillar 49, so that it will be engaged only by the long pins 14and will not be engaged by the short pins 15. When not engaged by a pin,the elastic ity of the contact 45 will move it into engagement with thecontact 47, as shown in Fig. 2. When engaged with one of the pins 14,the contact 45 will be moved against its own elasticity into engagementwith the contact 46. This being understood, the operation will be asfollows, reference being had to Fig. 1. As shown in that figure, themechanical element 6 is in the same position as shown in. Fig. 2, thearm (1 being vertical and the pin 50 on the contact 45 in engagementwith the con tact 47 The moving element of the thermostat i moving tothe left and engaging with the contact 76, will complete the circuitthrough the wire a, binding-post 43, contacts 47 and 45,pin 50, themagnet 30,binding-post 44, and the wire 0, and battery p back throughthe moving element of the thermostat. magnets 30 being energized willattract their armature and, as has been before described, so actuate thelatch and lock as to permit the wheel to turn a partial revolution, thusoscillating the lever (1. As soon as the wheel has turned slightly,however, one of the pins 14 will engage with the lever 51 or cam portion52 thereof and move it to the position shown in Fig. 3, so that thecontact 45 and pin 50 will engage with the contact 46 and contactsthrough 45 and 47 will be broken. When this occurs, the magnet will beat once deenergized, its armature retracted by its spring, and the lever26 upon being elevated by the engagement of the extension 40 will beengaged and supported and prevented from again descending. Theelectrical ac- The tion is of course so much quicker than the mechanicalaction, which would tend to elevate and again depress the lever 26, thatthe latter can lower and raise but once with a closed circuit caused bythe thermostat. When the temperature of the room changes, so as to movethe thermostat into engagement with the contact the circuit will passthrough the wire m, binding-post 42, contact 46, pin 50, contact 45,magnet 30, bindingpost 44, through the battery p and returnwire 0, thuscompleting the circuit, energizing the magnet, and tripping themechanism again. This will allow another partial turn of the wheel,which will permit the lever d to assume a vertical position. Themovement of the wheel will allow the pin 14, which engages with theextension 51, to slip by the end thereof, and the elasticity of thecontact 45 will restore the parts of the contact q to the positionshown'in Fig. 2 and make connection between the contacts 45 and 47 andpin 50. It will be seen from this explanation that the electric circuit,except at the moment that the moving element of the thermostat engageswith one of the fixed contacts, is an open circuit. The batteries willtherefore be subjected to no waste and may be used for a much longerperiod of time than if this were not the case. Furthermore, certainkinds of batteries which are very eiiicient when used on open circuit,but which cannot be used for any length of time upon. a closed circuit,may be employed.

It is to be understood that the mechanical device may be used with otherforms of thermostat, and, if desired, a mechanical thermostat may beused for tripping the latch 24. In this case the device might bearranged within a room the heat of which it is desired to be regulatedand mechanical connections thereby made to the heating apparatus, or themechanical device could be arranged as illustrated in Fig. 1, withmechanical connec tions between the thermostat and mechanical device. Inorder to prevent shock to the mechanism by the dropping of the weight 1,a spiral or other spring 1" may be interposed between it and the groovedwheel 8.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel, projectionson the wheel, a lever-arm so pivoted that it will be engaged by theprojections, a lock engaged by the projections for securing the wheelagainst rotation, and means controlled by the thermostat for actuatingthe lock.

2. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel,alternately-arranged long and short projections on the wheel, a leverarmso pivoted that it will be engaged by the long projections, a lockengaging with the projections for securing the wheel against rotation,and means controlled mostat for actuating the lock.

3. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel, projectionson the wheel, a lever-arm so pivoted that it will be engaged by theprojections, a heater having a door or damper, connections between thelever-arm and the door or damper of the heater to be regulated, a lockfor securing the -wheel against rotation, and means controlled by thethermostat for actuating the lock.

4. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel,alternately-arranged long and short projections on the wheel, a leverarmso pivoted that it will be engaged by the long projections, a heaterhaving a door or damper, connections between the lever-arm and the dooror damper of the heater to be regulated, a lock engaging with theprojections for securing the wheel against rotation, and meanscontrolled by the thermostat for actuating the lock.

5. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel, a lock forsecuring the wheel against rotation, a latch for tripping the lock,means controlled by the thermostat for releasing the latch, meanscarried by the wheel for resetting the latch, and a lever-arm soarranged that it will engage with the resetting means.

6. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable Wheel,alternately-arranged lon and short projections, a lever-arm so pivotedthat it will be engaged by the long projections, a lock engaging withthe projections for securing the wheel against rotation, a latch fortripping the lock, and means controlled by the thermostat for actuatingthe latch.

7. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel, projectionson the wheel, a lever-arm so pivoted that it-will be engaged by theprojections, connections between the lever-arm and the door or damper ofthe heater to be regulated, a lock for securing the wheel againstrotation, a latch for tripping the lock, and means controlled by thethermostat for actuating the latch.

8. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel,alternately-arranged long and short projections on the Wheel, a leverarmso pivoted that it will be engaged by the long projections, a heaterprovided with a door or damper, connections between the lever-arm andthe door or damper of the heater to be regulated, a lock engaging withthe pro jections for securing the wheel against rotation, a latch fortripping the lock, and means controlled by the thermostat for actuatingthe latch.

9. The combination with a thermostat, of a rotatable wheel, means forrotating the wheel, projections 011 the wheel, a lever-arm so pivotedthat it will be engaged by the projections, connections between thelever-arm by the therand the door or damper of the heater to beregulated, a lock for securing the Wheel against rotation, and meanscontrolled by the thermostat for actuating the lock.

10. The combination with a thermostat and an electric circuit, of arotatable wheel, means for rotating the Wheel, a lock for securing thewheel against rotation, a latch for tripping the lock, an armature forfreeing the latch, electric means within the circuit for actuating thearmature, and means carried by the wheel for resetting the latch.

11.-The combination with a thermostat and an electric circuit, of arotatable wheel, means for rotating the wheel, alternately-arranged longand short projections on the wheel, a lever-arm so pivoted as to beengaged by the long projections, a lock engaging with the projectionsfor securing the wheel against rotation, a latch for tripping the lock,an armature for freeing the latch, and electric means Within the circuitfor actuating the armature.

12. The combination with a thermostat and an electric circuit, of arotatable wheel, means for rotating the wheel, a lock engaging with thewheel for securing it against rotation, a latch for tripping the lock,an armature for freeing the latch, means carried by the wheel forresetting the latch, electric means within the circuit for actuating thearmature, and contact-points arranged within the path of movement of theWheel for breaking the circuit after the movement of the wheel.

13. The combination with a thermostat and an electric circuit, of arotatable wheel, means for rotating the wheel, alternately-arranged longand short projections on the wheel, a lever-arm so pivoted as to be e11-gaged by the long projections, a lock engaging with the projections forsecuring the wheel against rotation, a latch for tripping the lock, anarmature for freeing the latch, electric means within the circuit foractuating the armature, and contact-points ar- IIO ranged within thepath of movement of'the projections and engaged by the long projectionsfor breaking ment of the wheel.

14. The combination with a rotatable Wheel, means for rotating thewheel, projections on the wheel, a bell-crank lever so pivoted that onearm mayswing in the path of movement of the projections and lock thewheel against rotation, a second bell-crank lever forming a latch, aprojection carried by one of the levers and adapted to engage with theother to free the lock from engagement with the wheel, a pivoted leverengaging with the latch, a spring for moving the latch into engagementwith the lock, and a projection on the latch adapted to be engaged withthe projections on the wheel, and a projection on the circuit after amoveone of the levers adapted to be engaged by the other lever formoving the lock in the path of the projections.

15. The combination with a rotatable wheel, means for rotating thewheel, projections on the wheel, a bell-crank lever so pivoted that onearm may swing in the path of movement of the projections and lock thewheel against rotation, a second bell-crank lever forming a latch, aprojection carried by one of the levers and adapted to free the lockfrom engagement with the wheel, means for releasing the latch, a pivotedlever engaging with the latch, a spring for moving the latch intoengagement with the lock, a projection on the latch adapted to beengaged by the proj ections on the wheel, and a projection on one of thelevers adapted to be engaged by the other lever for moving the lock inthe path of movement of the projections.

16. The combination with a movable ele ment and source of powertherefor, of a latch having a depending portion, a lock having adepending portion, a pin carried by one of the portions and adapted tobe engaged. by the other for tripping the lock, and means for actuatingthe latch.

17. The combination with a movable ele ment and a source of powertherefor, of a latch having a depending portion, a lock hav ing adepending portion, a pin carried by one of the portions and adapted tobe engaged. by the other for tripping the lock, a second projection onone of the portions adapted to be engaged by the other for setting thelock and means for actuating the latch.

18. The combination with a movable element and a source of powertherefor, of a latch having a depending portion, a lock hav ing adepending portion, a pin carried by one of the portions and adapted tobe engaged by the other for tripping the lock, a second. projection onone of the portions adapted to be engaged by the other for setting thelock, means for actuating the lock, and means carried. by the movableelement for resetting the latch.

19. The combination with a movable element and a source of powertherefor, of a latch having a depending portion, a lock having adepending portion, a pin carried by one of the portions and adapted tobe engaged by the other for tripping the look, a projection on the latchby means of which it is moved and. means for actuating the latch.

20. The combination with a movable element and a source of powertherefor, of a latch having a depending portion, a lock having adepending portion, a pin carried by one of the portions and adapted tobe engaged by the other for tripping the look, a second projection onone of the portions and adapted to be engaged by the other for settingthe look, a projection on the latch, by means of which it is moved, andmeans for actuating the latch.

21. The combination with a movable element and a lock therefor, of alatch for tripping the lock, and a common pivot for the lock and latch,and means for actuating the latch.

22. The combination with a movable element and a lock therefor, of alatch for tripping the lock, a common pivot for the lock and latch, andmagnetic means for releasing the latch.

23. The combination with a movable ele ment and a lock therefor, of alatch. for tripping the lock, a common pivot for the lock and latch,means for actuating the latch, and means carried by the moving elementfor re setting the latch.

24:: The combination with a movable element and a lock therefor, of alatch for tripping the lock, a common pivot for the lock and latch,magnetic means for releasing the latch, and. means carried by the movingele ment for resetting the latch.

25. The combination with a movable element and a latch having adepending portion, of a lock having a depending portion, a pin carriedby one of the portions and adapted to be engaged by the other fortripping the lock, a common pivot for the latch. and lock, and means foractuating the latch.

26. The combinationwith a movable element, and a lock having a dependingportion, of a latch having a depending portion, a pin carried by one ofthe portions and adapted to be engaged by the other for tripping thelock, a common pivot for the lock and latch, means for actuating thelatch, and means carried. by the moving element for resetting the latch.

27. The combination with a movable ele ment, of a latch having adepending portion and a pin thereon, a lock having a depending portionand adapted to be engaged. by the pin, a projection on the lock adaptedto be engaged. by the latch, and means for actuating the latch.

The combination with a movable element, of a latch having a dependingportion and a pin thereon, a lock having a depending portion and adaptedto be engaged by the pin, a projection on the lock which is adapted tobe engaged by the latch, means for actuating the latch, and. a common.pivot for the latch and lock.

29. The combination with a movable element and a lock therefor, of alatch for actuating the lock, having an arm, a stop for the arm, aspring connected to the arm, the spring being upon substantially thesame p plane as the arm when engaged by the stop,

and means for releasing the latch.

30. The combination w1th a movable elel ment, of a latch having an arm,a stop there-

